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Economy/L’agriculture
L’agriculture

L’agriculture

Commissariat général au développement durableJul 21, 2020

Face aux enjeux écologiques territoriaux et planétaires, l’agriculture française doit relever de nombreux défis, économiques, environnementaux et sociétaux. Dans ce contexte, elle diversifie et améliore ses pratiques en faveur de l’environnement : le développement de l’agriculture biologique, l’élargissement du réseau des fermes Dephy, la contribution à la production d’énergies renouvelables par méthanisation, la mise en œuvre de solutions technologiques innovantes, sont autant d’actions qui permettent d’évoluer vers une agriculture plus respectueuse de l’environnement.

Faced with territorial and global environmental challenges, French agriculture must meet numerous economic, environmental and social challenges. In this context, it is diversifying and improving its practices in favor of the environment: the development of organic agriculture, the expansion of the Dephy farm network, the contribution to renewable energy production through anaerobic digestion, the implementation of innovative technological solutions, are all actions that enable progress toward more environmentally responsible agriculture.
2 chapters
  • Organic agriculture, an environmentally responsible production method
    Definition
    Organic agriculture is an environmentally responsible production method. It is based on the non-use of synthetic chemical products and genetically modified organisms, the recycling of organic matter, crop rotation, biological pest control and respect for animal welfare.
  • Identical principles and practices across the European Union
    Unified standards
    • European regulation through Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 specifies all the rules to be followed concerning the production, processing, distribution, importation, inspection and labeling of organic products. It reaffirms the key principles of organic agriculture: sustainable agricultural management, respect for natural balances and biodiversity, and promotion of high-quality products whose production does not harm the environment, human health, or the health and welfare of plants and animals. This regulation is supplemented by implementing regulations, in particular Regulation (EC) No 889/2008. • Organic agriculture practices include in particular: • crop rotation, the foundation of efficient soil resource use; • biological pest control, a control method using living organisms called crop auxiliaries, the most well-known of which are: ladybugs, lacewings, hover flies, wasps, ground beetles, earwigs, spiders... which are carnivorous and feed on other insects and micro-organisms; • non-use of phytopharmaceutical products, synthetic fertilizers, antibiotics, additives, processing aids and other inputs; • prohibition of genetically modified organisms; • recycling of organic matter and use of farm resources (for example, manure as fertilizer or food produced on-site for livestock); • choice of plant and animal species resistant to disease and adapted to local conditions; • outdoor and free-range livestock farming and feeding animals with organic feed.

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