Consommation d’énergie et émissions de gaz à effet de serre du secteur résidentiel

• After a slight increase between 1982 and 1992, the final energy consumption of the residential sector remained broadly stable until 2010. Since then, it has experienced a slight decline mainly linked to reduced energy consumption for heating. However, this decline is marked by significant year-to-year variations.

• Heating is the primary energy use in the residential sector. In 2017, it accounted for two-thirds of household final energy consumption (305 TWh). Specific electricity use, which covers the energy consumption of electrical and electronic appliances, is the second-largest household energy use. Its energy consumption more than doubled between 1982 and 2016, reaching 74 TWh.

• Trend in final energy consumption of the residential sector, by use • Note: consumption at actual climate.

Over the observed period (1982-2017), electricity consumption increased across all uses. It has been in slight decline since 2010.

• In 2017, more than half of household electricity consumption came from specific electricity use. Over nearly 35 years, this consumption more than doubled, reaching 72 TWh, nearly equivalent to the total electricity consumption of the residential sector in 1983. This use encompasses the energy needed for home lighting as well as the operation of household appliances, computers, and audiovisual equipment. Specific electricity consumption surged with the growth of information and communication technologies (ICT).

Households also use electricity for heating (nearly a quarter of final consumption), hot water (16%), and cooking (8%).

• Trend in final electricity consumption of the residential sector, by use • Note: consumption at actual climate. Air conditioning use integrated in specific electricity use.

• In 2017, energy consumed in homes generated 47 million tonnes of CO2 emissions, or 16% of total national emissions. Between 1990 and 2017, the residential sector's final energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions generally followed the same trend: marked by strong year-to-year variability, a slight decline has been observed since 2011 while the number of homes continues to grow (+36%). This decoupling is explained notably by improved energy efficiency in homes (better thermal insulation, higher boiler efficiency, etc.).

• Trend in final energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the residential sector • Note: emissions from electricity and heat production are not included in CO2 emissions.